Sikkim has identified 40 glacial lakes as high-hazard, including 16 classified in the highest-risk Category A, due to their potential to trigger Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs). The state is using satellite imagery, remote sensing and field studies to monitor vulnerable lakes and assess their risks.
Authorities are also developing lake-specific mitigation measures, including lowering lake water levels, strengthening natural barriers and creating flood-retention structures. Shako Chho Lake has been identified as one of the most vulnerable sites, while separate mitigation plans are being prepared for the Lhonak and Gurudongmar complexes.
The assessment is particularly significant because Sikkim experienced a devastating GLOF in October 2023, which caused extensive loss of life and infrastructure. The state is now strengthening early-warning systems and disaster preparedness to reduce the potential impact of future glacial floods.